2001, Bond and Stockman 2008, Starrett and Hedin 2006, Stockman and Bond 2007). That said, morphological assessments likely underestimate the evolutionary diversity contained within these groups ( Bailey et al. Many consist of very few species and two, Neopachella and Promyrmekiaphila, are either monotypic ( Bond and Opell 2002) or comprise only two morphological species ( Stockman and Bond 2008).

Although the basal euctenizid lineages are probably relatively old ( Bond and Hedin 2006) most of the genera are depauperate with respect to morphological and species diversity. 2012a), and the southwestern genera Neoapachella, Bond & Opell 2002, Eucteniza Ausserer, 1875, Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel, 1950 (recently revised by Stockman and Bond 2008, but also see Stockman and Bond 2007), Entychides Simon, 1888, Apomastus Bond & Opell, 2002, and Aptostichus Simon, 1891. This group comprises the eastern North American genus Myrmekiaphila Atkinson, 1886 (recently revised by Bond and Platnick 2007, also see Bailey et al. (2012b) concluded that Raven’s subfamily Euctenizinae, a group that included all of the North American cyrtaucheniids, was a monophyletic taxon that is closely related to idiopids and should be elevated to the family rank.

A recent phylogenetic treatment by Bond et al.

2012b) indicated that the family was a classical dumping ground, comprising a number of genera and species that were difficult to place. Raven (1985) originally established this group as a subfamily of the Cyrtaucheniidae, however a number of phylogenetic treatments of the infraorder Mygalomorphae ( Bond and Opell 2002, Bond and Hedin 2006, Hedin and Bond 2006, and Bond et al. The mygalomorph family Euctenizidae is a geographically widespread group of fossorial spiders most of whom capture prey at the entrance of a burrow covered by a silken - soil trapdoor.

Josh madison convert 4.10